서버와 데스크탑의 차이점

# Check current kernel version (Server and Desktop are the same by default)
uname -r
 
# Check kernel configuration
cat /proc/version

# Install a lightweight kernel optimized for KVM virtual machines (optional)
sudo apt install linux-kvm

# Install a minimal desktop environment on Server (if needed)
sudo apt install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop-minimal
 
# Switch Desktop to command-line-only mode
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
# Restore graphical mode
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target

# Check memory usage
free -h
 
# Check disk usage
df -h /
 
# Count running services
systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running | wc -l
 
# Check listening ports
ss -tlnp

# Server uses systemd-networkd + Netplan
cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
 
# Example Netplan configuration (Server)
sudo tee /etc/netplan/01-server.yaml << 'EOF'
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: true
EOF
sudo netplan apply
 
# Desktop uses NetworkManager + Netplan
# Example Netplan configuration (Desktop)
sudo tee /etc/netplan/01-desktop.yaml << 'EOF'
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager
EOF
sudo netplan apply

# Remove the desktop environment (keep the base system)
sudo apt remove --purge ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-desktop-minimal
sudo apt autoremove --purge
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
sudo reboot

# Install the full desktop
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop
 
# Or install only the minimal desktop
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop-minimal
 
# Set graphical boot
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
sudo reboot