Docker / Podman

sudo apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc 2>/dev/null

# Install dependencies
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl gnupg -y
 
# Add Docker official GPG key
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
 
# Add Docker repository
echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
 
# Install Docker
sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin -y

# Add current user to the docker group
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
 
# Apply group changes (or log out and back in)
newgrp docker

docker --version
docker compose version
docker run hello-world

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://docker.1ms.run",
    "https://docker.xuanyuan.me"
  ]
}
EOF
 
# Restart Docker
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

# Pull an image
docker pull ubuntu:26.04
docker pull nginx:latest
 
# List local images
docker images
 
# Remove an image
docker rmi nginx:latest
 
# Build an image
docker build -t myapp:latest .
 
# Clean up unused images
docker image prune -a

# Run a container
docker run -d --name mynginx -p 8080:80 nginx
 
# List running containers
docker ps
 
# List all containers
docker ps -a
 
# Enter a container
docker exec -it mynginx bash
 
# View container logs
docker logs -f mynginx
 
# Stop and remove a container
docker stop mynginx
docker rm mynginx
 
# Clean up all stopped containers
docker container prune

# Create a volume
docker volume create mydata
 
# Mount a volume
docker run -d -v mydata:/data --name mycontainer ubuntu
 
# Mount a host directory
docker run -d -v /home/user/data:/data --name mycontainer ubuntu
 
# List volumes
docker volume ls
docker volume inspect mydata

services:
  web:
    image: nginx:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./html:/usr/share/nginx/html
    depends_on:
      - db
 
  db:
    image: postgres:18
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: mydb
      POSTGRES_USER: admin
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: secret
    volumes:
      - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
 
  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
 
volumes:
  pgdata:

# Start all services
docker compose up -d
 
# Check service status
docker compose ps
 
# View logs
docker compose logs -f web
 
# Stop all services
docker compose down
 
# Stop and remove volumes
docker compose down -v
 
# Rebuild and start
docker compose up -d --build

# Build stage
FROM node:22-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
 
# Runtime stage
FROM node:22-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["node", "dist/index.js"]

sudo apt install podman -y

podman --version
podman info

# Pull and run a container
podman pull docker.io/library/nginx
podman run -d --name mynginx -p 8080:80 nginx
 
# List containers
podman ps
 
# Stop and remove
podman stop mynginx
podman rm mynginx

echo 'alias docker=podman' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

# Install podman-compose (prefer apt or pipx to avoid the PEP 668 restriction)
sudo apt install -y podman-compose
# Or: sudo apt install -y pipx && pipx install podman-compose
 
# Usage is the same as docker compose
podman-compose up -d
podman-compose down

# Check disk usage
docker system df
 
# Full cleanup (use with caution)
docker system prune -a --volumes
 
# Check Docker service status
sudo systemctl status docker